Quran /5- AL-MÂ’IDAH The Table Spread Revealed at Madînah/   Introduction         This sûrah, like the three preceding long sûrahs, considers several subjects, but they all have in common the raising of a nation that stands upon the vantage ground of truth and recognizes wholeheartedly the oneness, uniqueness, omnipotence, omniscience, and ultimate authority of Allâh, the One and only God, the Creator. In this respect, the Qur’ân constitutes the chosen system of faith and worship. Acceptance of the system and submission to the precepts are part of the belief in the One God. The title of the sûrah alludes to the table spread with food that was sent down from Heaven in answer to the wish of the disciples of `Îsâ (Jesus). Among the subjects discussed in the sûrah, we find: One must honor one’s word, promise, and vow. `Îsâ the son of Maryam (Jesus the son of Mary) and his mother are mortals. Allâh is absolutely One, and not in Trinity. Allâh is not the father of anyone, but He is the Creator of all. The final word regarding intoxicants, gambling, divination, and the like is revealed. Intoxicants were prohibited gradually, in four stages: (1) 4:43; (2) 2:219; (3) 5:90; (4) 5:91. The rules regarding forbidden and permitted foods are revealed. Religious acts and rites are to be honored. We are told some shortcomings and misgivings of the Children of Isrâ'îl. The authentic Tawrâh and Injîl (the Books revealed to Mûsâ [Moses] and `Îsâ [Jesus], respectively) were standard Laws to be followed, but they were not followed. Rules of retaliation and forgiveness are revealed. Justice must be done, even if the accused is an enemy. The Qur’ân is the Book of reference, the Judge of all preceding Books, and the standard Law. Judgment based on its precepts is final. Rules for ablution before prayers are revealed. We are told the narrative of Âdam’s sons. Rules regarding false oaths and their expiation are revealed. The religion chosen for mankind, namely, Islâm, is completed. Rules regarding thieves are revealed. In the Name of Allâh, The All-Merciful, The Ever-Merciful
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